Affidavit
An affidavit is how you give evidence in writing. In most civil matters the court reads the evidence before the hearing, so this document does more work than anything you say on the day.
What it is, and what it is not
An affidavit is a written statement of facts that you swear or affirm to be true, signed in front of an authorised witness, with the documents you rely on attached to it. It is evidence.
It is not where you argue your case. Argument belongs in submissions, which are a separate thing. Mixing the two is the most common mistake in a self-represented affidavit, and it makes the facts harder to find, which is the opposite of what you want.
An affidavit is sworn or affirmed evidence. Knowingly saying something untrue in one is a serious offence. Only include what you know to be true, and be careful to mark anything you were told by someone else.
Part by part
What each piece is doing
[Registry]
No. [case number] of [year]
Plaintiff / Applicant
AND: [the other party]
Defendant / Respondent
2. The facts in this affidavit are within my own knowledge, except where I say they are from information and belief, in which case I identify the source.
4. Annexed and marked “AB-1” is a copy of that letter.
at [place] on [date]
Before me:
.............................. ..............................
Signature of witness Signature of deponent
The difference between a useful one and a wasted one
What courts read, and what they skip
Do
- Number every paragraph, and keep each to one fact.
- Put events in the order they happened.
- Attach the documents. A dated letter is worth more than a page of recollection.
- Name the source of anything you were told.
- Keep it as short as the facts allow.
- Say plainly at the end what you are asking the court to do.
Do not
- Argue. No submissions, no law, no what the other side deserves.
- Editorialise. Adjectives about how outrageous it all is cost you credibility rather than earning sympathy.
- Attach everything you own. Attach what matters and nothing else.
- Overstate. One exaggeration makes every other paragraph worth less.
- Accuse anyone of anything you cannot prove with a document.
- Leave a single square bracket from the template in the filed version.
After you have written it
- Read it once looking only for argument, and delete what you find.
- Check every annexure is attached, marked, and mentioned in a numbered paragraph.
- Sign it in front of an authorised witness. Do not sign it beforehand.
- File it with the court and serve a copy on the other side. Those are two separate steps and both are required.
- Keep a copy, and have it open at the hearing.
This page is general information about how affidavits work in Australia. It is not legal advice, and courts differ in their forms and requirements. Check your own court's rules before filing, and where they and this page disagree, the rules win.